What are Cardiac troponins? Cardiac troponins are proteins found in cardiac (heart) muscle cells. They play a crucial role in regulating the contraction of the heart muscle. When heart muscle cells are damaged, such as during a heart attack or other cardiac injury, cardiac troponins are released into the bloodstream. Therefore, measuring the levels of cardiac troponins in the blood can help diagno...
Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) is commonly utilized for guiding diabetes management and diagnosis, as blood sampling can be done at any time of day, the levels are consistent, and the assays are standardized (Ford CN, Leet RW, Kipling LM, et al. , 2019). And it shows your average blood sugar level for the past 4 to 6 weeks. In general, the reference range for glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) in healthy individ...