1. Why PCT Testing Matters in Clinical Practice Procalcitonin (PCT) is a peptide precursor of calcitonin. In healthy individuals, PCT circulates at very low levels. While during bacterial infections and systemic inflammation, PCT levels rise rapidly, making it a sensitive biomarker for sepsis and severe infections. Clinical Significance of PCT ● Correlates wit...
1. Introduction Inflammation is a key response of the body to infection, tissue injury, or other stressors. Early detection is critical because timely recognition can guide treatment decisions and improve patient outcomes. Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is a pro-inflammatory cytokine released by immune cells in response to infection or tissue damage. Its levels rise within 2 hours, significantly earli...
1. The Global Burden of Sepsis Sepsis is a life-threatening condition caused by the body’s extreme response to infection. From data published in 2020, globally, over 49 million people are affected each year, with approximately 11 million deaths, representing 20% of all global deaths (Global, regional, and national sepsis incidence and mortality, 1990-2017: analysis for the Global Burd...
1.What is Platelet? Platelets, fragments of cytoplasm derived from bone marrow megakaryocytes, play a central role in hemostasis and thrombosis. When blood vessels are injured, platelets adhere, activate, and aggregate to stop bleeding. Abnormal platelet function can lead to bleeding disorders or thrombotic events. With the widespread use of antiplatelet drugs, such as aspirin and clopidogrel, pre...
1. Thrombosis: An Overlooked Threat The International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis (ISTH) established World Thrombosis Day (WTD) on October 13 to raise awareness of the global health threat. Every year, 1 in 4 people worldwide die from conditions related to thrombosis, the underlying cause of the top three cardiovascular killers: heart attack, stroke, and venous thromboemboli...
1. Global Cancer Burden: Facts & Figures The Rising Global Cancer Burden According to the latest report from the World Health Organization (WHO) and its cancer agency, IARC, there were approximately 20 million new cancer cases and 9.7 million deaths worldwide in 2022, with around 53.5 million people alive within five years of a cancer diagnosis. Lung, breast, and colorectal...
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